DTC    P0300    Random / Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected

DTC    P0301    Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected

DTC    P0302    Cylinder 2 Misfire Detected

DTC    P0303    Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected

DTC    P0304    Cylinder 4 Misfire Detected

DTC    P0305    Cylinder 5 Misfire Detected

DTC    P0306    Cylinder 6 Misfire Detected

for Preparation Click here


DESCRIPTION

When the engine misfires, high concentrations of hydrocarbons (HC) enter the exhaust gas. Extremely high HC concentration levels can cause increase in exhaust emission levels. High concentrations of HC can also cause increases in the Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) temperature, which may cause damage to the TWC. To prevent this increase in emissions and to limit the possibility of thermal damage, the ECM monitors the misfire rate. When the temperature of the TWC reaches the point of thermal degradation, the ECM blinks the MIL. To monitor misfires, the ECM uses both the Camshaft Position (CMP) sensor and the Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor. The CMP sensor is used to identify any misfiring cylinders and the CKP sensor is used to measure variations in the crankshaft rotation speed. Misfires are counted when the crankshaft rotation speed variations exceed predetermined thresholds.
If the misfire exceeds the threshold levels, and could cause emission deterioration, the ECM illuminates the MIL and set a DTC.

DTC No.
DTC Detection Condition
Trouble Area
P0300
Simultaneous misfiring of several cylinder detected
(2 trip detection logic)
  1. Open or short in engine wire harness
  2. Connector connection
  3. Vacuum hose connections
  4. Ignition system
  5. Injector
  6. Fuel pressure
  7. Mass Air Flow (MAF) meter
  8. Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor
  9. Compression pressure
  10. Valve clearance
  11. Valve timing
  12. PCV valve and hose
  13. PCV hose connections
  14. Air induction system
  15. ECM
P0301
P0302
P0303
P0304
P0305
P0306
Misfiring of specific cylinder detected
(2 trip detection logic)
  1. Open or short in engine wire harness
  2. Connector connection
  3. Vacuum hose connections
  4. Ignition system
  5. Injector
  6. Fuel pressure
  7. Mass Air Flow (MAF) meter
  8. Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor
  9. Compression pressure
  10. Valve clearance
  11. Valve timing
  12. PCV valve and hose
  13. PCV hose connections
  14. Air induction system
  15. ECM
When DTCs for misfiring cylinders are randomly set, but DTC P0300 is not set, it indicates that misfires have been detected in different cylinders at different times. DTC P0300 is only set when several misfiring cylinders are detected at the same time.
Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope.
With the engine idling, check the waveform between terminals #10 to #60 and E1 of the ECM connectors.
Item
Content
Terminals
CH 1: #10 to #60 - E1
CH 2: INJF - E1
Equipment Settings
20 V/DIV.
20 msec./DIV.
Conditions
Idling

HINT:
The correct waveform is as shown.

A096659E03

MONITOR DESCRIPTION


A107734E02

The ECM illuminates the MIL and sets a DTC when either one of the following conditions, which could cause emission deterioration, is detected (2 trip detection logic).
  1. Within the first 1,000 crankshaft revolutions of the engine starting, an excessive misfiring rate (approximately 20 to 50 misfires per 1, 000 crankshaft revolutions) occurs once.
  2. After the first 1,000 crankshaft revolutions, an excessive misfiring rate (approximately 20 to 60 misfires per 1, 000 crankshaft revolutions) occurs 4 times in sequential crankshaft revolutions.
The ECM flashes the MIL and sets a DTC when either one of the following conditions, which could cause the Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) damage, is detected (2 trip detection logic).
  1. In every 200 crankshaft revolutions at a high engine rpm, the threshold misfiring percentage is recorded once.
  2. In every 200 crankshaft revolutions at a normal engine rpm, the threshold misfiring percentage is recorded 3 times.

WIRING DIAGRAM

Refer to DTC P0200 on page Click here for the wiring diagram of the injector system.
Refer to DTC P0351 on page Click here for the wiring diagram of the ignition system.

CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN

  1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
  2. Turn the engine switch on (IG).
  3. Turn the tester ON.
  4. Record the DTC(s) and freeze frame data.
  5. Using the tester, switch the ECM from normal mode to check mode (Click here).
  6. Read the misfire counts of each cylinder (CYL #10 to #60 with the engine in an idling condition. If any misfire count is displayed, skip the following confirmation driving pattern.
  7. Drive the vehicle several times with the conditions, such as engine rpm and engine load, shown in Misfire RPM and Misfire Load in the Data List.

    HINT:
    In order to store misfire DTCs, it is necessary to drive the vehicle for the period of time shown in the table below, with the Misfire RPM and Misfire Load in the Data List.

    Engine RPM
    		Duration
    Idling
    		3.5 minutes or more
    1,000
    		3 minutes or more
    2,000
    		1.5 minutes or more
    3,000
    		1 minute or more

  8. Check whether misfires have occurred by checking DTCs and freeze frame data.

    HINT:
    Do not turn the engine switch off until the stored DTC(s) and freeze data have been recorded. When the ECM returns to normal mode (default), the stored DTC(s), freeze frame data and other data will be erased.

  9. Record the DTC(s), freeze frame data and misfire counts.
  10. Turn the engine switch OFF and wait for at least 5 seconds.

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

HINT:
  1. If any DTCs other than misfire DTCs are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.
  2. Read freeze frame data using the intelligent tester. Freeze frame data records the engine conditions when malfunctions are detected. When trouble shooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was running or stopped, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
  3. If the misfire does not recur when the vehicle is brought to the workshop, reproduce the conditions stored in the freeze frame data.
  4. The misfire still cannot be reproduced even though the conditions stored in the freeze frame data have been duplicated, one of the following factors is considered to be a possible cause of the problem:
    1. The fuel tank is low full.
    2. Improper fuel is used.
    3. The spark plugs have been contaminated.
    4. The problem is complex.
  5. After finishing repairs, check the misfire counts of the cylinders (Cylinder #1 (and #6) Misfire Rate).
  6. Be sure to confirm that no misfiring cylinder DTCs are set again by conducting the confirmation driving pattern, after repairs.
  7. For 6 and 8 cylinder engines, the ECM intentionally does not set the specific misfiring cylinder DTCs at high engine RPM. If misfires occur only in high engine RPM areas, only DTC P0300 is set.
    In the event of DTC P0300 being present, perform the following operations:
    1. Clear the DTC (Click here).
    2. Start the engine and conduct the confirmation driving pattern.
    3. Read the misfiring rates of each cylinder or DTC(s) using the tester.
    4. Repair the cylinder(s) that has a high misfiring rate or is indicated by the DTC.
    5. After finishing repairs, conduct the confirmation driving pattern again, in order to verify that DTC P0300 is not set.
  8. When one of Short FT #1, Long FT #1, Short FT #2 or Long FT #2 in the freeze frame data is outside the range of +-20 %, the air-fuel ratio may be Rich (-20 % or less) or Lean (+20 % or more).
  9. When the Coolant Temp in the freeze frame data is less than 75°C (167°F), the misfire have occurred only while warming up the engine.

1.CHECK ANY OTHER DTC OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO MISFIRE DTCS)

  1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

  1. Turn the engine switch on (IG).

  1. Turn the tester ON.

  1. Enter the following menus: Power train / Engine / DTC.

  1. Read DTCs.

    Result: 
    Display (DTC output)
    		Proceed to
    P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305 and/or P0306
    		A
    P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305 and/or P0306 and other DTCs
    		B

HINT:
If any DTCs other than P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305 and P0306 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.



B
GO TO DTC CHART
A


2.READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (MISFIRE RPM AND MISFIRE LOAD)

  1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

  1. Turn the engine switch on (IG) and turn the tester ON.

  1. Enter the following menus: Power train / Engine / Data List / Misfire RPM and Misfire Load.

  1. Read and note the Misfire RPM and Misfire Load (engine load) values.

    HINT:
    The Misfire RPM and Misfire Load indicate the vehicle conditions under which the misfire occurred.


NEXT


3.CHECK PCV HOSE CONNECTIONS

OK:
PCV hose is connected correctly and is not damaged.



NG
REPAIR OR REPLACE PCV HOSE
OK


4.CHECK MISFIRE COUNT (Cylinder #1 (and #6) Misfire Rate)
  1. (a) Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
  2. (b) Turn the engine switch on (IG).
  3. (c) Turn the tester ON.
  4. (d) Clear DTCs.
  5. (e) Enter the following menus: Power train / Engine / Data List / Cylinder #1 (and #6) Misfire Rate.
  6. (f) Allow the engine to idle.
  7. (g) Read each value of Cylinder #1 (to #6) Misfire Rate displayed on the tester. If no misfire counts occur in any cylinders, perform the following conditions:
    1. (1) Shift the gear selector lever to the D position.
    2. (2) Repeat steps (e) to (g) above.
    3. (3) Check the Cylinder #1 (to #6) Misfire Rate.
    4. (4) If misfire counts are still not displayed, perform steps (h) and (i) and then check the misfire counts again.
  8. (h) Drive the vehicle with Misfire RPM and Misfire Load noted in step 2.
  9. (i) Read the Cylinder #1 (to #6) Misfire Rate or DTCs displayed on the tester.

    Result: 
    Misfire count
    		Proceed to
    1 or 2 cylinders have misfire counts
    		A
    3 cylinders or more have misfire counts
    		B


B
Go to step 11
A


5.CHECK SPARK PLUG
A107715E01

  1. Remove the ignition coil and the spark plug of the misfiring cylinder.

  1. Measure the spark plug electrode gap.

    Standard:
    Between 1.0 mm and 1.1 mm (0.039 in. and 0.043 in.)

  1. Check the electrode for carbon deposits.
    Recommended spark plug: 
    Manufacture
    		Product
    DENSO
    		FK20HBR11
    NGK
    		ILFR6D11T

    NOTICE:
    If the electrode gap is larger than standard, replace the spark plug. Do not adjust the electrode gap.



NG
REPLACE SPARK PLUG
OK


6.CHECK FOR SPARKS AND IGNITION

  1. Disconnect the injector connectors, in order to prevent the engine from starting.

  1. Install the spark plug to the ignition coil.

  1. Attach the spark plug assembly to the cylinder head cover.

  1. Crank the engine for less than 2 seconds and check the spark.

    OK:
    Sparks jump across electrode gap.

  1. Reconnect the injector connectors.



NG
Go to step 8
OK


7.CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE OF MISFIRING CYLINDER

  1. Measure the cylinder compression pressure of the misfiring cylinder.



OK
Go to step 9
NG

REPAIR OR REPLACE MALFUNCTION PARTS 

8.CHANGE NORMAL SPARK PLUG AND CHECK SPARK OF MISFIRING CYLINDER

  1. Change the installed spark plug to a spark plug that functions normally.

  1. Perform a spark test.

    CAUTION:
    Always disconnect each injector connector.

    NOTICE:
    Do not crank the engine for more than 2 seconds.

    1. Install the spark plug to the ignition coil and connect the ignition coil connector.

    2. Disconnect the injector connector.

    3. Ground the spark plug.

    4. Check if sparks occur while the engine is being cranked.

      OK:
      Sparks jump across electrode gap.



NG
REPLACE IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY THEN CONFIRM THAT THERE IS NO MISFIRE
OK

REPLACE SPARK PLUG 

9.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR OF MISFIRING CYLINDER

  1. Check the injector injection (whether fuel volume is high or low, and whether injection pattern is poor).



NG
REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY
OK


10.CHECK VALVE CLEARANCE OF MISFIRING CYLINDER


NG
ADJUST VALVE CLEARANCE
OK


11.CHECK AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM

  1. Check the air induction system for vacuum leakage.

    OK:
    No leakage from air induction system.



NG
REPAIR OR REPLACE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM
OK


12.CHECK VALVE TIMING
A103826E05

  1. Remove the cylinder head cover RH and LH.

  1. Turn the crankshaft pulley, and align its groove with the timing mark "0" of the timing chain cover.

  1. Check that the timing marks of the camshaft timing gears aligned with the timing marks of the bearing cap as shown in the illustration.
    If not, turn the crankshaft 1 revolution (360°) and align the marks as above.

    OK:
    Timing marks on camshaft timing gears are aligned as shown in illustration.

  1. Reinstall the cylinder head cover.



NG
ADJUST VALVE TIMING
OK


13.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE)

  1. Check the fuel pressure (Click here).



NG
CHECK AND REPLACE FUEL PUMP, PRESSURE REGULATOR, FUEL PIPE LINE AND FILTER
OK


14.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (HIGH PRESSURE)

  1. Check the fuel pressure.



NG
CHECK AND REPLACE FUEL PUMP, FUEL PRESSURE SENSOR, WIRING AND FUEL LEAKAGE
OK


15.READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (COOLANT TEMP)

  1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

  1. Turn the engine switch on (IG).

  1. Turn the tester ON.

  1. Enter the following menus: Power train / Engine / Data List / Coolant Temp.

  1. Read the Coolant Temp twice, when the engine is both cold and warmed up.

    Standard:
    With cold engine: Same as ambient air temperature.
    With warm engine: Between 75°C and 95°C (167°F and 203°F).



NG
REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR
OK


16.READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (MAF)

  1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

  1. Turn the engine switch on (IG).

  1. Turn the tester ON.

  1. Enter the following menus: Power train / Engine / Data List / MAF and Coolant Temp.

  1. Allow the engine to idle until the Coolant Temp reaches 75°C (167°F) or more.

  1. Read the MAF with the engine in an idling condition and at an engine speed of 2,500 rpm.

    Standard:
    MAF while engine idling: Between 2.1 g/s and 3.1 g/s (shift position: N, A/C: OFF).
    MAF at engine speed of 2,500 rpm: Between 7.8 g/s and 11.4 g/s (shift position: N, A/C: OFF).



NG
REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER
OK

CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS