ENGINE > ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION

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1. INSPECT COOLANT

  1. Remove the radiator cap.

    CAUTION:
    Do not remove the radiator cap while the engine and radiator are still hot. Thermal expansion will cause hot engine coolant and steam to blow out from the radiator.

  1. Check if there are any excessive deposits of rust or scales around the radiator cap and radiator filler hole. The coolant should be free of oil.

    HINT:
    If excessively dirty, clean the coolant passage and replace the coolant.

  1. Install the radiator cap.



2. INSPECT ENGINE OIL

  1. Warm up the engine and then wait for 5 minutes after turning the engine off, the oil level should be between the low level and full level marks of the dipstick.
    If low, check for leakage and add oil up to the full level mark.

    NOTICE:
    Do not fill with engine oil above the full level mark.



3. INSPECT BATTERY

Standard specific gravity:
1.25 to 1.29 at 20°C (68°F)



4. INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY

  1. Remove the air cleaner filter element from the air cleaner case.

  1. Visually check that there is no dirt, clog, and damage to the air cleaner filter element.

    HINT:
    1. If there is any dirt or a clog on the air cleaner filter element, clean it with compressed air.
    2. If any dirt or a clog remains even after cleaning the air cleaner filter element with compressed air, replace it.



5. INSPECT SPARK PLUG

NOTICE:
  1. Do not use a wire brush for cleaning.
  2. Do not attempt to adjust the electrode gap of a used spark plug.



    A111035E01

  1. Check the electrode.

    1. Using a megaohmmeter, measure the insulation resistance.

      Correct insulation resistance:
      10 MΩ or higher

      If the resistance is less then the specified value, proceed to step (b).

      HINT:
      If a megaohmmeter is not available, perform the following simple inspection instead.



    B001301

  1. Alternative inspection method:

    1. Quickly accelerate the engine to 4,000 rpm 5 times.

    2. Remove the spark plug.

    3. Visually check the spark plug.

      Result:
      Electrode condition
      		Next step
      Dry
      		Go to next step
      Wet
      		Proceed to step (c)

    4. Reinstall the spark plug.



    IG00316

  1. Check the spark plug for any damage to its threads and insulator.
    If there is any damage, replace the spark plug.
    Recommended spark plug: 
    DENSO made
    		SK20R11
    NGK made
    		IFR6A11



    B002101E02

  1. Check the spark plug electrode gap.

    Maximum electrode gap for used spark plug:
    1.3 mm (0.051 in.)

    If the gap is greater than the maximum, replace the spark plug.

    Correct electrode gap for new spark plug:
    1.0 to 1.1 mm (0.039 to 0.043 in.)



    B062019

  1. Clean the spark plugs.
    If the electrode has traces of wet carbon, clean the electrode with a spark plug cleaner and then dry it.

    Air pressure:
    Blow 588 kPa (6 kgf/cm2, 85 psi)

    Duration:
    20 seconds or less

    HINT:
    If there are traces of oil, remove them with gasoline before using the spark plug cleaner.



6. INSPECT IGNITION TIMING

  1. Set the vehicle to inspection mode (Click here).

  1. Warm up the engine.

  1. When using the intelligent tester:

    1. Connect the intelligent tester (with CAN VIM) to the DLC3.

    2. Enter DATA LIST MODE on the intelligent tester.

      Ignition timing:
      8 to 12° BTDC

      NOTICE:
      1. Turn all the electrical systems off.
      2. Inspect the engine idle speed with the cooling fan off.

      HINT:
      Refer to the intelligent tester operator's manual if you need help to select DATA LIST.

    3. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.



    A051075E02

  1. When not using the intelligent tester:

    1. Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.

      SST
      09843-18040  

      NOTICE:
      1. Make sure of the terminal numbers before connecting them. Connection with a wrong terminal can damage the engine.
      2. Turn off all electrical systems before connecting the terminals.
      3. Perform this inspection after the cooling fan motor is turned off.



      2. A108139

    2. Pull out the red-colored wire harness as shown in the illustration.

    3. Connect the tester terminal of the timing light to the engine.

      NOTICE:
      Use a timing light which detects the first signal.

    4. Inspect ignition timing at idle.

      Ignition timing:
      8 to 12° BTDC

      NOTICE:
      When checking the ignition timing, the transmission is in neutral.

      HINT:
      Run the engine at 1,000 to 1,300 rpm for 5 seconds, check that the engine rpm returns to idle speed.

    5. Disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.

    6. Inspect ignition timing at idle.

      Ignition timing:
      7 to 24° BTDC

    7. Confirm that the ignition timing advances when the engine rpm is increased.

    8. Remove the timing light.



7. INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED

  1. Set the vehicle to inspection mode (Click here).

  1. Warm up the engine.

  1. Connect the intelligent tester (with CAN VIM) to the DLC3.

  1. Enter DATA LIST MODE on the intelligent tester.

    Idle speed:
    850 to 950 rpm.

    NOTICE:
    1. When checking the idle speed, the transmission is in neutral.
    2. Check the idle speed with the cooling fan off.
    3. Switch off all accessories and air conditioning before connecting the intelligent tester.

    HINT:
    Refer to the intelligent tester operator's manual for further details.



8. INSPECT COMPRESSION

  1. Set the vehicle to inspection mode (Click here).

  1. Warm up and stop the engine.

  1. Remove the intake air surge tank (Click here).

    NOTICE:
    If the throttle body connector is disconnected because the DTC is detected in inspection, always reconnect it.

  1. Disconnect the injector connectors.

  1. Remove the ignition coils.

    NOTICE:
    If the ignition coil assembly connector is disconnected because the DTC is detected in inspection, always reconnect it.

  1. Remove the spark plugs.



  1. Inspect cylinder compression pressure.



      P019471E01

    1. Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.

    2. Connect the intelligent tester (with CAN VIM) to the DLC3.

      NOTICE:
      Check the fully charged battery to indicate HV battery voltage in ECU data monitor.

    3. Enter ACTIVE TEST MODE on the intelligent tester.

    4. While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.

      Compression pressure:
      0.98 MPa (10 kgf/cm2, 142 psi)

      Minimum pressure:
      0.74 MPa (7.5 kgf/cm2, 107 psi)

      Difference between each cylinder:
      100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm2, 15 psi)

      NOTICE:
      1. Check other cylinder's compression pressure in the same way.
      2. This measurement must be done as quickly as possible.
      3. After performing all the procedures, be sure to clear DTCs stored in the the memory. Then, check that the normal system code is output.

    5. If the cylinder compression is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole and inspect again.

      HINT:
      1. If adding oil increases the compression, the piston rings and/or cylinder bore may be worn or damaged.
      2. If pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leakage past the gasket.



9. INSPECT CO/HC

  1. Set the vehicle to inspection mode (Click here).

  1. Start the engine.

  1. Run the engine at 2,500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.



    A109836

  1. Insert the CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.3 ft) into the tailpipe during idling.

  1. Check CO/HC concentration at idle and/or 2,500 rpm.

    HINT:
    When doing the 2 mode (with the engine is in the idle and 2,500 rpm) test, the measuring procedures are prescribed by the applicable local regulations.

    If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with regulations, troubleshoot in the order given below.

    1. Check heated oxygen sensor operation (Click here).

    2. Check heated air fuel ratio sensor operation (Click here).

    3. See the table below for possible causes, and then inspect and repair the applicable causes if necessary.

      CO
      		HC
      		Problems
      		Causes
      Normal
      		High
      		Rough idle
      1. Faulty ignitions:
        1. Incorrect timing
        2. Fouled, shorted or improperly gapped plugs
      2. Incorrect valve clearance
      3. Leaks in intake and exhaust valves
      4. Leaks in cylinders
      Low
      		High
      		Rough idle
      (Fluctuating HC reading)
      1. Vacuum leaks:
        1. PCV hoses
        2. Intake manifold
        3. Throttle body
        4. Brake booster line
      2. Lean mixture causing misfire
      High
      		High
      		Rough idle
      (Black smoke from exhaust)
      1. Restricted air filter
      2. Plugged PCV valve
      3. Faulty EFI systems:
        1. Faulty pressure regulator
        2. Defective water temperature sensor
        3. Defective mass air-flow meter
        4. Faulty ECM
        5. Faulty injectors
        6. Faulty throttle position sensor