Measure the resistance between the volume air flow sensor/IAT sensor harness
connector terminals 5 and 6. The resistance between these two terminals depends
on their temperature. If the temperature is around 32°F (0°C) the
resistance should be 6.0 kilohms, at 68°F (20°C) the resistance
should be 2.7 kilohms, and with the temperature at 176°F (80°C)
the resistance should be 0.4 kilohms.
Fig. 1: Check the resistance between these two terminals — resistance
should go down as temperature goes up
Measure the resistance while heating the sensor with a hair drier. The higher
the temperature (the hotter the IAT sensor), the smaller the resistance should
become.
If resistance does not decrease as temperature increases or the resistance
remains unchanged, replace the volume air flow sensor assembly.